Articles by Eduardo Araral

Independent Kazakhstan Following Similar Path as Singapore toward Successful Development

It was in 1993 when Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev first met Lee Kuan Yew of Singapore to seek his advice for the newly-independent republic. Nazarbayev admired Lee for his strong leadership in building Singapore into a prosperous and internationally-respected country. Like Singapore, the new Republic of Kazakhstan faced ethnic tensions, geopolitical risks, weak institutions, the…