Articles by Usen Suleimen and Gulnara Baikushikova

Energy Economy and Policies of Kazakhstan and China

The break-up of the Soviet Union resulted in serious financial, transit, management and political problems for its former states. The emerging relationships between its former constituent parts were initially shaped by the unrealistic commercial expectations of the newly-independent governments, hungry for extra budget revenues at a time of political and economic turmoil. Fortunately, Kazakhstan’s economy…